Government to put the squeeze on .me registry partners

In what looks like bad news for GoDaddy and Identity Digital, Montenegro appears to be the latest government to demand a bigger share of revenues from its national ccTLD.

While already formally delegated to the government, .me is currently managed by doMEn, a partnership between the two American companies and local firm ME-net, but Montenegro is planning to grab much greater state control over the ccTLD.

And it seems to want more money too, according to an official document published this week.

Machine-translated, the document states:

The “.me” domain management model provides stable revenues for the state, but at the same time generates significantly higher overall economic benefits for the private agent and its (predominantly foreign) owners, with a relatively limited state participation in the total profit (about 35–36% of total revenues and about a quarter of the profit through the domestic partner [ME-net]).

The document states that .me generated €114 million ($132.7 million) between its 2008 launch and 2025, but that the government only received €41 million ($47.7 million), about 35-36% of the total.

The government reckons its share should be at least 50%.

The document says that doMEn has made €47 million in net profit over the same period, an amount in excess of what the state, which gets 33% of regular reg revenue and 70% of premium sales, received.

doMEn’s revenue in 2025 was almost €10.1 million ($11.75 million), having grown consistently every year since 2008, according to the document.

The document floats three options for a future registry model, ranging from full state ownership to a joint ownership with its back-end providers. All three options would give the government ultimate control over the TLD.

The government also explores three options for how the registry should be managed in future, from bringing it fully in-house to the current model of outsourcing all technical functions to a third party.

It concludes that the current model is probably the least risky right now, but notes that it could be used as a stepping-stone to a “hybrid” model where a state-owned registry handles key functions such as the registry of domains while key functions such as DNS are outsourced to specialists.

So in the short-term it appears that Montenegro is sufficiently risk-averse that doMEn’s owners may not lose the .me deal any time soon — a 2023 RFP for a new operator has been cancelled, the government said.

But it does appear they’re looking at a different regulatory regime in future, one in which more than half of their revenues go to the state, rather than into their own coffers.

Nominet outsources cybersquatting disputes to WIPO

The World Intellectual Property Organisation has tightened its stranglehold on domain name disputes worldwide, taking over administration of .uk’s Dispute Resolution Service.

Nominet said today that WIPO will start to manage DRS, which is similar to UDRP and has been around almost as long, from July 7. It said that the policy, fees, and panelists are not changing.

WIPO already handles cybersquatting complaints for scores of ccTLDs — some of which use standard UDRP, some of which have their own tweaked versions — as well as being the leading provider of gTLD dispute resolution.

Nominet said the move to outsource came as part of its .UK Registry Standardisation program, which is seeing it retire several non-core services.

Any DRS cases filed with Nominet before the July 7 cut-off will be processed to completion in the Nominet system.

.pay sunrise going gangbusters

Amazon’s .pay gTLD is seeing defensive sunrise registrations selling far in excess of what you’d normally expect from a new gTLD launch.

.pay went into sunrise April 14, with an expected 30-day window for trademark owners to register their brands, but Amazon recently extended the deadline until July 20.

As of yesterday, the .pay zone file contained 683 domains, almost all of which were added after April 14.

While modest compared to sunrises carried out 15 to 25 years ago, that’s far ahead of average, and .pay seems to be adding a handful of new domains every day.

Official ICANN figures tracking gTLD launches through August 2018 show that the mean average sunrise regs per TLD was roughly 137, with a median of just 77 across 491 sunrise periods.

I see two primary reasons why .pay is ahead of the average.

First, the sensitivity of the string. Any gTLD that invites trust and the transfer of money would likely be a prime target for phishing and other types of abuse.

Second, .pay is not on commercial domain blocking services, such as GoDaddy-led GlobalBlock, meaning the only sure-fire way to protect a brand right now is to engage with sunrise.

Amazon says it plans to offer a Limited Registration Period from July 20, during which domains can be registered by those “that conduct payment transactions online using an approved Payment Service Provider or Third-Party Payment Processor.”

General availability is pencilled in for February next year.

Nominet dodges millions in member refunds

Nominet UK has managed to avoid having to pay out millions in refunds to its registrars and members after a lawsuit filed by one member was dismissed by a British court.

A spokesperson for the .uk registry said this statement was circulated among members today:

The claim made by a Nominet member for a refund of fees paid for membership was dismissed by the Court in Cardiff on 21 May. Costs will be determined later. We do not have the written court order yet – we will wait for that before commenting further.

The member in question is Curon Davies, represented by lawyer Jim Davies, a long-time critic of Nominet, who had claimed that the registry had been violating its own rules by charging membership fees for over a quarter of a century.

Davies and others from the WeightedVoting.uk campaign obtained an opinion from a top lawyer in 2022, stating that Nominet’s Articles have not permitted it to collect membership fees since 1997, not long after it was founded.

With first-year fees of £400 and annual renewals of £100, that would have meant Nominet obtained many millions of GBP that it had no right to, this opinion said, though the statute of limitations would have limited its exposure to about £1.5 million.

Jim Davies said he disagreed with the judge’s ruling, saying “Nominet won on a narrow issue of how its articles should be interpreted”. He added in a statement that an appeal is planned:

We are preparing an application to appeal against the judge’s ruling, which seems to reward Nominet’s board for their ongoing failure to do what is required of them under the company’s governance documents. We respectfully disagree with the Judge’s conclusion on that point. We believe it is wrong in law and is inconsistent with the plain meaning of the articles.

Identity Digital takes over 25-year-old TLD

Identity Digital’s recent acquisition spree has continued, with the company recently taking over as registry operator for a sponsored gTLD that made its debut in 2001.

The registry’s affiliate, Jolly Host, has taken over .aero from aerospace trade group SITA, the Societe Internationale de Telecommunications Aeronautique, according to ICANN records.

.aero was one of the original “test-bed” new gTLDs that prevailed in the 2000 application round.

It’s a little different to a normal gTLD acquisition — .aero is a sponsored gTLD designed to serve a specific community, and there are registration restrictions in place.

The main barrier to registration is the requirement to be a member of the industry and have a SITA Membership ID, obtainable from the registry web site, before you can go to a registrar to get your name.

As such, SITA is not washing its hands entirely of the TLD. It will continue as .aero’s “Sponsor”, responsible for setting policy, with Identity Digital now contractually designated as “Registry Operator”.

.aero is cheaper to run that your typical gTLD. The registry contract calls for annual payments to ICANN of just $5,000, rather than the standard $25,000, as long as it has fewer than 50,000 domains under management.

It currently has about 13,000 domains in its zone file and renewals retail starting at about $40 per year.

The fact that .aero is currently sponsored and restricted doesn’t necessarily mean it will stay that way. There’s plenty of precedent, from .xxx to .med, of sponsored registries casting off their roots to broaden their appeal.

It’s the sixth gTLD contract Jolly Host has taken over so far this year after, .safety, .dot, .jot, .circle and .onl.

ICANN throws a bone to its most stubborn new gTLD applicant

ICANN has offered an olive branch to a new gTLD applicant that refuses to accept defeat well over a decade after it was rejected.

The Org has offered one last chance for Indian applicant Nameshop to get some of its money back for an application that fell at the first hurdle back in the 2012 application round.

Nameshop applied for .idn, apparently not understanding the rule that strings matching protected three-letter country codes are banned under ICANN rules. IDN is the code for Indonesia.

The company filed a request to change its applied-for string to .internet, using a process ICANN had put in place to allow applicants to correct typos (such as correcting .dotafrica to .africa).

When it was explained to Nameshop that it was trying to misuse the process and its only option was to request a refund of its application fee, the company decided instead to fight fruitlessly for the best part of a decade and a half to get ICANN to change its mind.

ICANN has not changed its mind.

The Org informed all remaining failed 2012-round applicants late last year that they had 90 days to withdraw their applications and get a partial refund or lose their money.

Nameshop evidently chose to reject or ignore that offer, missing the deadline for requesting the refund. Because it used ICANN’s Applicant Support program, its refund would be of the lower $47,000 fee.

But ICANN has offered the company one final attempt to leave the process with at least something. It’s given Nameshop until May 15 to withdraw its application and get its money back.

This appears to be special treatment. Eleven other unsuccessful applications, including those for .hotel, .shop, .africa and .salon, were recently flagged as “Terminated” — as opposed to “Withdrawn” — by ICANN.

I would be remiss if I did not point out that applicants in the current application round, which is open until August, can avoid making silly string selection mistakes by using DI’s free Stringtel tool.

Identity Digital acquires another dormant gTLD

Identity Digital has taken over another 2012-round new gTLD that never launched.

The ICANN contract for .safety recently changed hands, with original registry Safety Registry Services handing over the keys to Jolly Host, the same Identity Digital affiliate that has now picked up five gTLDs this year.

The seller is a subsidiary of W W Grainger, a large industrial supply company that has safety products among the wide range of gear it produces.

The company had intended to run .safety in a restricted fashion, perhaps via a controlled membership organization.

But that never happened. It didn’t register a single domain. Its commitment to and enthusiasm for the gTLD is perhaps exemplified by the fact that its registry web site has been headered “SAFETY REGISTERY SERVICES” (sic) for over a decade.

Jolly host this year has taken on three gTLDs from Amazon, and one from iRegistry, bringing its total portfolio of gTLDs to something in the region of eight trillion.

Verisign to delete .name 3LDs and email addresses

If you needed more evidence of how innovation-resistant the domain name industry can be, Verisign is killing off two non-standard services that have been running for a quarter-century.

The registry plans to discontinue sales of third-level domains in the .name gTLD, along with an email forwarding service that offered punters personalized email addresses.

.name is a gTLD approved by ICANN in its first round, in 2000. It went live in 2001 with a novel but arguably confusing registration flow — registrants were only able to acquire third-level domains.

If you wanted to register kevin.murphy.name, the registry (originally Global Name Registry, since acquired by Verisign) would register murphy.name to itself first and control the DNS of the second-level domain.

This has led to the unusual situation where, for example, andrew.hedges.name and david.hedges.name are registered to two different guys, using two different registrars, years apart. Neither David nor Andrew Hedges owns hedges.name.

According to a Registry Services Evaluation Process request approved by ICANN recently, Verisign will not only stop selling third-level domains, but it will also delete existing registrations:

Currently, third level domain names may be registered in the .name TLD. This RSEP seeks to discontinue third level domain name registrations due to declining usage and limited registrar support of the service.

Upon discontinuation, no new third level domain names will be registered and existing third level domain names will be terminated.

How many registrants and domains will be affected by this move is not clear, but it’s not zero. Monthly transaction reports show .name has about 96,000 domains under management, but the mix between 2LD and 3LD is not disclosed.

It appears that the deletion of these arguably premium surnames will make them available for registration again, but it’s not yet clear how Verisign plans to handle this. The drop? Auctions? It’s not stated in the RSEP.

Verisign is also turning off the email forwarding service that GNR offered since launch 25 years ago.

This service offered users email aliases using .name domains. You could pay to have firstname@lastname.name forward to your Hotmail, for example, (this was 2002). The domain would belong to the registry, the user just got use of the alias.

Verisign says this will be discontinued and the associated email addresses and MX records removed. SLDs that were used by the service will become available for registration again after one year.

Again, it’s not clear how many users will be affected but it does not appear to be zero. Verisign said it will give its registrars 90 days notice before it turns off the service, though it seems they’re mostly already aware of it.

It was pretty clear almost from the outset that the three-level structure GNR originally proposed was not a great business model in practice. It only took a couple of years before it started selling .name SLDs as well.

New gTLD applicants take note — non-standard registration paths tend to be unpopular with registrants and registrars alike.

.music has competition as .mu repositions

Identity Digital and it.com Domains are to market the Mauritius ccTLD, .mu, as an open alternative to the .music gTLD.

According to it.com, the ccTLD will be marketed internationally as “Everyone’s Music Domain”, starting with outreach at the trademark-focused INTA Annual Meeting in London this week.

It’s a non-sunrise sunrise period, being called the Trademark Priority Period, though this seems to be a case of branding rather than the imposition of any strict rules — .mu has been around for decades and domains there are already available to buy.

It’s rather a headsup period, it seems, with trademark owners being marketed to before the general public. This period will run from May 15 to June 28, it.com said.

Policies and launch details are expected to be announced soon.

There is already a domain for music, of course — .music. It’s a latecomer from the 2012 application round. It launched in late 2024 and had fewer than 30,000 domains under management at the end of 2025, and fewer than 7,500 names in its zone file today.

The issue with .music is that it’s a “community” gTLD, conceived at a time when concerns about music piracy online were a lot more acute than they are today, and it has registrant eligibility restrictions.

While .music domains have standard shopping cart friction and can begin resolving immediately, registrants are asked to complete a post-reg identity verification process that looks like a bit of a faff. Presumably, .mu domains will be less restrictive.

Pricing for the repurposed .mu has yet to be announced, but it’s on sale today with retail renewal pricing appearing to start at about $75 a year. That’s in the same ball-park as .music.

While rebadging .mu as a domain for music may initially hit like another case of a ccTLD trying to shoehorn itself into a meaning it was not intended to have, the use case is not without precedent. The rock band Muse has long used muse.mu for its web site, for example.

The rebranding of .mu comes about a year after Identity Digital took over the back-end registry services for the ccTLD in partnership with the Government of Mauritius.

Over 100 new gTLD bids have already been announced

With the 2026 ICANN new gTLD application window now officially open, one striking difference compared to the 2012 round is the number of organizations that have broken cover to announce that they will apply.

Back in 2012, consultants excitedly pointed to Canon, the Japanese electronics firm, as the convincer. It had openly revealed it planned to apply for the dot-brand .canon two years earlier.

A handful of gTLDs related to communities, cities or causes — such as .gay, .nyc and .eco — had also been announced. Several had multiple announced applicants and were ultimately contested.

But today, with the application window now five days open, DI’s free risk analysis tool, Stringtel, currently has more than 100 announced applications in its database.

With dot-brands expected to make up a sizeable chunk of 2026 applications, very few major brands have actually put their heads above the parapet. Salesforce seems to be the most well-known, though its revelation came via an ICANN director’s conflict disclosure rather than a full-throated formal announcement.

The biggest cohort of announced applications seems to come from applicants representing an if not entirely then certainly uncommon type of gTLD — which you could call the non-dot-brand-dot-brand, or perhaps more simply “open dot-brand”.

By this I mean organizations, typically in the blockchain or cryptocurrency space, that have said they will apply for gTLDs matching their brand but make second-level domains available to their users, rather then keeping the whole namespace in-house.

There are dozens of such announced bids. Some are already selling domains that resolve on blockchains rather than DNS. Due to cost, complexity, or risk, I don’t expect every announcement in this space to translate into an eventual application.

We’ve also seen announcements of applications for generic strings, often in hot industries such as AI, crypto or podcasting. Stringtel already has records for the likes of .crypto, .agi, .podcast and .blockchain, for example. A couple, such as .chain and .anime, are already contested.

While we’ll likely discover how many applications ICANN has received not long after the application window closes in August, we won’t find out what strings have been applied for until October at the earliest.